Medicine and new technologies
Anatomy of the Renal arteries
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The renal arteries, two, arise on the side faces from the abdominal aorta, a little below the anterior mesenteric artery, on the level of the second lumbar vertebra. Their volume is important their diameter can reach 8 millimeters. Generally the renal arteries are detached at the same level, sometimes the left renal artery arises on a higher level. It is traditional to say that the arteries move horizontally outwards but the assertion is not absolutely exact: indeed, these arteries move obliquely bottomward, forming with the aorta an acute angle which can go down up to 45 degrees. In addition to this obliqueness in the frontal plan, the renal artery follows a curve of a posterior concavity which adapts to the convexity of the vertebral body this curve is more marked on the right than on the left.
Anatomical description of the superior mesenteric artery
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The superior mesenteric artery (french : artère mésentérique supérieure) arises from the anterior surface of the aorta, on the middle line, at 2 cm below the origin of the coeliac artery, nearly at the level of the disc between the second and third lumbar, vertebras.
An introduction to the Osteology
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Osteology is the study of the bones which form the various parts of the skeleton.
The bones are joined together between them by articulations, they form the frame of the body, passive part of the locomotor apparatus whose muscles form the driving elements of them.
The bones have for certain in more one role of protection of internal organs: cranium, rib cage.
The skeleton includes/understands, a cartilagineuse part and an osseous part.
Abdominal aorta
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After having crossed the diaphragmatic channel, the aorta belongs to the abdominal area. Applied on the vertebral level, it is located behind the intestinal mass. The abdominal aorta moves vertically in bottom however, the diaphragmatic opening being a little on the left of the line of centers, one can say that the abdominal aorta direction continues the thoracic aorta , and only on the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra it becomes exactly median thus moves slightly on the right.
Emerging viruses
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The emergence of new viruses is related to the viral evolution, the ecological change of niche, the modification of the environment, the bioterrorism…
Mesothelioma Cancer
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Mesothelioma
is a type of cancer involving mesothelial tissues of body organs
usually lungs or abdominal. It is often caused by exposure to asbestos.
However, there are 30-50% of patients without any history of asbestos
exposure.
People
who have received asbestos exposure of as little as one or two months
to very low doses are at risk of mesothelioma cancer. Even people who
wash clothes of asbestos exposed people are at risk. A person exposed
to asbestos could develop mesothelioma after 50 years of exposure.
People
in the occupations such as construction jobs in shipyards, insulators,
boilermakers, etc. are at the risk of contracting asbestos disease.
The practice of medicine in the gymnasiae
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It is an incontestible fact, that Medicine was practiced and taught in the gymnasiae of Greece, a long time before the Asclepiadae had divulged the secret of their doctrines.(See Plato - Laws : Daniel Leclerc, Hist, de la Medicine : C. Sprengel, Hist, le la Medicine : M. Houdart, Etudes Historiques et Critiques Bur la Doctrine d'Hippocrate. Paris, 1840, in 8vo) There were in these establishments three orders of physicians. A director termed the gymnasiarch, whose duties consisted in regulating the diet of the Athlete, and of the young men who frequented these schools ; a sub-director, or gymnast, who directed the pharmaceutic treatment of the sick ; lastly, subalterns, named jatraliptes, who put up prescriptions, annointed, frictioned, bled, dressed wounds and ulcers, reduced luxations, fractures, etc.